WordNet3.0 schema, from WordNet2.0 schema, version 7. By Aldo Gangemi and Mike Uschold.
The previous work had the following comment:
this ontology is an attempt to encode part of the WordNet 2.0 datamodel into OWL. It is part of the work made by the WNET Task Force of the SWBPD Working Group of W3C. First version has been edited by Guus Schreiber, then revised by Brian McBride. Current version (4) has been enlarged, commented, and checked after the original WordNet specifications by Aldo Gangemi. V5: Minor adaptations/additions for RDFS/OWL compatibility by Mark van Assem. Changes from V5 to V6 of the datamodel: added some missing inverse properties, added owl:SymmetricProperty for wn:sameVerbGroupAs, wn:derivationallyRelated. Removed two nameless classes. V6 to V7: added class AdjectiveSatelliteWordSense. In this version (with a different namespace), an alignment to DOLCE-Ultralte (http://www.loa-cnr.it/ontologies/DUL.owl) has been added.
The 3.0 datamodel is the same as the 2.0, except for the addition of the object property: instanceOf, holding between Synset(s), and for the completion of wordnet schema with the supersense information, for which we have defined the class SuperSense and the property lexname, holding between Synset(s) and SuperSense(s). {en-US}
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/AdjectiveSatelliteSynset
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/AdjectiveSatelliteWordSense
A sense of an adjective satellite word.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/AdjectiveSynset
A synset including adjective word senses.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/AdjectiveWordSense
A sense of an adjective word.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/AdverbSynset
A synset including adverb word senses.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/AdverbWordSense
A meaning of an adverb word.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/Collocation
A collocation in WordNet is a string of two or more words, connected by spaces or hyphens. Examples are: man-eating shark , blue-collar , depend on , line of products . In the database files spaces are represented as underscore (_ ) characters.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/NounSynset
A synset including noun word senses.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/NounWordSense
A meaning of a noun word.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/SuperSense
A generic annotation of synsets, intended for use in NLP applications, which require a small set of general categories for e.g. tagging. The interpretation can be given in terms of either top-level superclasses, or topics.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/Synset
A synonym set; a set of words that are interchangeable in some context.
Word and WordSenses are distinguished in this datamodel for two reasons: 1) WordNet uses the distinction in the database, and several relations are defined for WordSenses rather than for Synsets. 2) For the sake of ontological clarity, here it is assumed that Synsets include word senses, in order to partition the logical space of the lexicon (words as forms, which belong to different natural language lexica, words as meanings, which also can be peculiar to different natural languages, but usually exist in several of them, and synsets, which cluster word senses by abstracting out their distributional context.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/VerbSynset
A synset including verb word senses.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/VerbWordSense
A meaning of a verb word.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/Word
Any word or composed term (collocation) deputed to have a sense in WordNet. For the sake of ontological clarity, here it is assumed that synsets include word senses, in order to partition the logical space of the lexicon (words as forms, which belong to different natural language lexica, words as meanings, which also can be peculiar to different natural languages, but usually exist in several of them, and synsets, which cluster word senses by abstracting out their distributional context.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/WordSense
A meaning of a word in WordNet. Each sense of a word is in a different synset. Each word sense is contained in exactly one synset.
Word and WordSenses are distinguished in this datamodel for two reasons: 1) WordNet uses the distinction in the database, and several relations are defined for WordSenses rather than for Synsets. 2) For the sake of ontological clarity, here it is assumed that synsets include word senses, in order to partition the logical space of the lexicon (words as forms, which belong to different natural language lexica, words as meanings, which also can be peculiar to different natural languages, but usually exist in several of them, and synsets, which cluster word senses by abstracting out their distributional context.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/adjectivePertainsTo
It specifies an adjective word sense that pertains to either the noun or adjective second word sense.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/adverbPertainsTo
It specifies an adverb word sense that pertains to the adjective second word sense.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/antonymOf
It specifies antonymous word senses. This is a lexical relation that holds for all syntactic categories. For each antonymous pair, both relations are listed.
has characteristics: symmetric
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/attributeOf
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/causedBy
It specifies that the second synset is a cause of the first synset. This relation only holds for verbs.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/causes
inverse of causedBy
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/classifiedBy
It specifies that the first synset has been classified as a member of the class (either as topic or 'category', as region, or as usage) represented by the second (noun) synset.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/classifiedByRegion
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/classifiedByTopic
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/classifiedByUsage
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/classifies
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/classifiesByRegion
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/classifiesByTopic
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/classifiesByUsage
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/containsWordSense
A relation added here to link synsets and word senses explicitly (in the WordNet db, it is implicit in the sense tag record)
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/derivationallyRelated
It specifies that there exists a symmetric lexical morphosemantic relation between the first and second synset terms representing derivational morphology. In the WordNet database this relation extends over word senses within synsets
has characteristics: symmetric
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/entailedBy
has characteristics: transitive
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/entails
A verb X entails Y if X cannot be done unless Y is, or has been, done. It specifies that the second synset is an entailment of first synset. This relation only holds for verbs.
has characteristics: transitive
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/attribute
It defines the attribute relation between noun and adjective synset pairs in which the adjective is a value of the noun.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/hasInstance
has characteristics: transitive
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/lexname
The relation between a Synset and a SuperSense
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/sense
A relation added here to link words and word senses explicitly (in the WordNet db, it is implicit in the synset record)
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/word
A relation added here to link word senses and words explicitly (in the WordNet db, it is implicit in the synset record)
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/holonymOf
It specifies that the second synset is a meronym of the first synset. This relation only holds for nouns.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/hypernymOf
has characteristics: transitive
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/hyponymOf
It specifies that the second synset is a hypernym of the first synset. This relation holds for nouns and verbs. The symmetric operator, hyponym, implies that the first synset is a hyponym of the second synset.
has characteristics: transitive
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/instanceOf
has characteristics: transitive
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/inSynset
A relation added here to link word senses and synsets explicitly (in the WordNet db, it is implicit in the sense tag record)
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/lexnameOf
The relation between a SuperSense and a Synset
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/memberHolonymOf
It specifies that the second synset is a member meronym of the first synset. This relation only holds for nouns.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/memberMeronymOf
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/meronymOf
noun/noun, e.g. nose/face
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/partHolonymOf
It specifies that the second synset is a part meronym of the first synset. This relation only holds for nouns.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/partMeronymOf
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/participle
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/participleOf
It specifies that the adjective first word is a participle of the verb second word.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/sameVerbGroupAs
It specifies verb synsets that are similar in meaning and should be grouped together when displayed in response to a grouped synset search.
has characteristics: symmetric
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/seeAlso
It specifies that additional information about the first word can be obtained by seeing the second word. This operator is only defined for verbs and adjectives. There is no symmetric relation (ie. it cannot be inferred that the additional information about the second word can be obtained from the first word).
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/similarTo
It specifies that the second synset is similar in meaning to the first synset. This means that the second synset is a satellite of the first synset, which is the cluster head. This relation only holds for adjective synsets contained in adjective clusters.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/substanceHolonymOf
It specifies that the second synset is a substance meronym of the first synset. This relation only holds for nouns.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/substanceMeronymOf
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/frame
It specifies a generic sentence frame for one or all words in a synset. The operator is defined only for verbs.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/gloss
It specifies the gloss for a synset.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/lexicalForm
A datatype relation between Word and its lexical form.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/senseKey
A datatype relation between word senses and their keys, often used as output of word sense disambiguation.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/supersenseId
A datatype relation between supersenses and their numeric identifiers. {@en-US}
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/synsetId
A datatype relation between synsets and their integer identifiers.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/tagCount
A datatype relation between word senses and their tags within synsets.
IRI: https://w3id.org/framester/wn/wn30/schema/wn20synsetId
A datatype relation between synsets and their integer identifiers in WordNet 2.0 version. In practice, this attribute encodes a relevant mapping of wn30 synsets to wn20 synsets. relevance is due to the fact that manu wordnet-based applications are built around version 2.0. Mapping attributes to other versions can be represented similarly. {@en-US}
This HTML document was obtained by processing the OWL ontology source code through LODE, Live OWL Documentation Environment, developed by Silvio Peroni.
A Synset in an adjective cluster representing a concept that is similar in meaning to the concept represented by its head synset .