https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_
A vocabulary for all areas of catalysis initiated in NFDI4Cat. Starting with photocatalysis we add more and more terms from other areas of catalysis and related disciplines like chemical enineering or material science.
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0001900 |
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Definition | A collection of concepts referring to material characterization techniques and methods to evaluate their efficiency in photocatalysis. |
Members | atomic force microscopycon, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysiscon, cyclic voltammetrycon, differential scanning calorimetrycon, electron energy loss spectroscopycon, fourier transform infrared spectroscopycon, gas chromatographycon, liquid chromatographycon, mass spectrometrycon, Mott-Schottky analysiscon, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopycon, photoluminescencecon, Raman spectroscopycon, scanning electron microscopycon, thermogravimetric analysiscon, transmission electron microscopycon, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopycon, X-ray diffractioncon, X-ray fluorescencecon, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000001 |
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Definition |
A process which catalyzes a chemical reaction through the absorption of sufficient light energy by a photocatalyst. |
Narrower Concepts |
photocatalytic processcon photocatalytic experimentcon photocatalystcon photoreactor designcon electronic statecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000002 |
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Definition |
A material that absorbs photons (light) of appropriate energy and initiates or accelerates a photochemical reaction, while it regenerates itself after each reaction cycle. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalysiscon |
Narrower Concepts |
semiconductorcon characterizationcon synthesiscon sample formcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000003 |
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Definition |
A material with electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalystcon |
Narrower Concepts |
categories of semiconductorscon semiconductor propertycon modification techniquecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000004 |
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Definition |
Broad families of semiconduction materials (e.g., metal oxides) that can be used as photocatalysts in various applications. |
Broader Concepts |
semiconductorcon |
Narrower Concepts |
metal oxidecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000005 |
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Definition |
A chemical compound formed by the reaction of a metal with oxygen. |
Broader Concepts |
categories of semiconductorscon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000006 |
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Definition |
Characteristic properties of a semiconductor used in the field of photocatalysis. These properties determine its performance in the studied photocatalytic application. |
Broader Concepts |
semiconductorcon |
Narrower Concepts |
valence bandcon specific surface areacon Fermi levelcon pore size distributioncon crystallinitycon bandgap energycon conduction bandcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000007 |
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Definition |
The energy level in a semiconductor where the probability of finding an electron is 0.5. |
Broader Concepts |
semiconductor propertycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000008 |
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Definition |
The degree of a three-dimensional structural order of atoms which constitute the crystal lattice of a material. |
Broader Concepts |
semiconductor propertycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000009 |
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Definition |
Pore size distribution refers to the range of pore sizes in a material. |
Broader Concepts |
semiconductor propertycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000010 |
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Definition |
The energy difference between a semiconductor’s valence band top and conduction band bottom, which is required to excite an electron from the former to the latter. |
Broader Concepts |
semiconductor propertycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000011 |
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Definition |
The band of energy levels in a solid fully occupied by electrons at 0 K (273.15 °C). |
Broader Concepts |
semiconductor propertycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000012 |
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Definition |
The energy band of electronic levels of partially or fully filled mobile electrons in a metal or a semiconductor. |
Broader Concepts |
semiconductor propertycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000013 |
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Definition |
Α measure of the total surface area of a material per unit mass or volume. |
Broader Concepts |
semiconductor propertycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000014 |
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Definition |
Techniques used to modify the properties of a photocatalyst, with the aim to increase its efficiency in a photocatalytic application. |
Broader Concepts |
semiconductorcon |
Narrower Concepts |
dopingcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000015 |
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Definition |
The introduction of foreign atoms into a semiconductor leading to the formation of new energy levels and charge concentrations. |
Broader Concepts |
modification techniquecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000016 |
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Definition |
The form in which the photocatalyst is introduced to the reaction chamber. This can include e.g., powders, pellets or thin films deposited on a substrate. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalystcon |
Narrower Concepts |
thin filmcon powdered photocatalystcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000017 |
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Definition |
A photocatalyst introduced to the reaction chamber in the form of a powder. Usually the powdered photocatalyst is spread inside a quartz / glass plate. |
Broader Concepts |
sample formcon |
Narrower Concepts |
powder masscon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000018 |
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Definition |
Mass of a powdered photocatalyst used for an experiment. |
Broader Concepts |
powdered photocatalystcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000019 |
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Definition |
A photocatalyst introduced to the reaction chamber in the form of a thin film. To form a thin film, a (powdered) photocatalyst is deposited on a substrate (e.g., glass or metal) using an appropriate deposition technique. |
Broader Concepts |
sample formcon |
Narrower Concepts |
deposited samplecon substratecon deposition techniquecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000020 |
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Definition |
A technique used to deposit (immobilize) a (powdered) photocatalyst on a substate. These techniques indlude (but are not limited to): doctor blading, spin coating, spray coating, etc.. |
Broader Concepts |
thin filmcon |
Narrower Concepts |
spin coatingcon doctor bladingcon spray coatingcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000021 |
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Definition |
A technique used to deposit uniform thin films onto a substrate by spraying a solution of the material onto the surface. |
Broader Concepts |
deposition techniquecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000022 |
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Definition |
A tape-casting method used to deposit thin films of a photocatalyst onto the surface of a substrate. |
Broader Concepts |
deposition techniquecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000023 |
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Definition |
A technique used to deposit uniform thin films onto a substrate (e.g., metal or glass) by spinning at high speeds a solution (paste) of the material onto the surface. |
Broader Concepts |
deposition techniquecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000024 |
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Definition |
The substate onto which a (powdered) photocatalyst is deposited. Such substrates include glass surfaces (e.g., borosilicate glass or conductive glass like ITO and FTO), ceramic substrates (e.g., alumina) or metal substrates (e.g., Ti foils, stainless steel etc.). |
Broader Concepts |
thin filmcon |
Narrower Concepts |
substrate dimensioncon substrate materialcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000025 |
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Definition |
The material that the substrate is made of. Common materials include: glass (conductive or not), ceramics and metal. |
Broader Concepts |
substratecon |
Narrower Concepts |
glass substratecon metallic substratecon ceramic substratecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000026 |
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Definition |
A flat surface made of a metal (e.g., titanium, stainless steel) serving as a substrate for the deposition of a photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
substrate materialcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000027 |
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Definition |
A flat surface made of glass serving as a substrate for the deposition of a photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
substrate materialcon |
Narrower Concepts |
quartz glasscon borosilicate glasscon fluorine doped tin oxide coated glasscon indium tin oxide coated glasscon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000028 |
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Definition |
Transparent conductive metal oxide (fluorine doped tin oxide) that can be used in the fabrication of transparent electrodes for thin films. |
Broader Concepts |
glass substratecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000029 |
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Definition |
Transparent conductive metal oxide (indium tin oxide) that can be used in the fabrication of transparent electrodes for thin films. |
Broader Concepts |
glass substratecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000030 |
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Definition |
A resistant to thermal shock type of glass, composed mainly of silica and boron trioxide. |
Broader Concepts |
glass substratecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000031 |
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Definition |
A type of pure silicon dioxide, highly crystalline glass that allows the transmission of light in the UV wavelength range. |
Broader Concepts |
glass substratecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000032 |
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Definition |
A surface made of a ceramic material (e.g., alumina) serving as a substrate for the deposition of a photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
substrate materialcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000033 |
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Definition |
The diamensions of the substrate. |
Broader Concepts |
substratecon |
Narrower Concepts |
substrate depthcon substrate areacon substrate thicknesscon substrate widthcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000034 |
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Definition |
The width of the substrate. |
Broader Concepts |
substrate dimensioncon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000035 |
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Definition |
The depth of the substrate. |
Broader Concepts |
substrate dimensioncon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000036 |
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Definition |
The thickness of the substrate. |
Broader Concepts |
substrate dimensioncon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000037 |
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Definition |
The surface area of the substrate. |
Broader Concepts |
substrate dimensioncon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000038 |
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Definition |
A thin film of the photocatalyst deposited on an appropriate for the application substrate. |
Broader Concepts |
thin filmcon |
Narrower Concepts |
thin film dimensioncon thin film masscon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000039 |
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Definition |
Mass of catalyst deposited onto the surface of a substrate. |
Broader Concepts |
deposited samplecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000040 |
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Definition |
The diamensions of the - deposited on the substrate - thin film. |
Broader Concepts |
deposited samplecon |
Narrower Concepts |
thin film areacon thin film depthcon thin film thicknesscon thin film widthcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000041 |
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Definition |
The width of the film of the deposited photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
thin film dimensioncon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000042 |
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Definition |
The thickness of the film of the deposited photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
thin film dimensioncon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000043 |
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Definition |
The depth of the film of the deposited photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
thin film dimensioncon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000044 |
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Definition |
The area of the substrate covered by the deposited photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
thin film dimensioncon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000045 |
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Definition |
The process by which one or more chemical reactions are performed with the aim of converting a reactant or starting material into a product or multiple products. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalystcon |
Narrower Concepts |
synthesis procedurecon literature researchcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000046 |
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Definition |
Thorough search of available literature on the research topic of interest using online research platforms (e.g, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Research Gate etc.) and / or libraries. Relevant literature can be found in the form of publications, books, abstracts and conference presentations. |
Broader Concepts |
synthesiscon |
Narrower Concepts |
literature organizationcon literature collectioncon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000047 |
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Definition |
Assembly of literature research to include only the most relevant sources of information for the application / experiment / catalysts of interest. |
Broader Concepts |
literature researchcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000048 |
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Definition |
Addition and organization of relevant literature of interest using a citation management software (e.g., Mendeley, Zotero, EndNote etc.) allowing for easy access and categorization. |
Broader Concepts |
literature researchcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000049 |
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Definition |
Necessary steps needed to follow in order to reach the desired photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
synthesiscon |
Narrower Concepts |
synthesis pressurecon calcination stepcon chemical substance for synthesiscon synthesis temperaturecon synthesis pHcon synthesis durationcon synthesis equipmentcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000050 |
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Definition |
Duration of each synthesis step needed to synthesize the desired photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
synthesis procedurecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000051 |
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Definition |
Temperature externally applied (if necessary) in any of the synthesis step. Higher temperature values can be observed if an exothermic reaction takes place during the synthesis. |
Broader Concepts |
synthesis procedurecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000052 |
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Definition |
The pH value in each of the synthesis steps. |
Broader Concepts |
synthesis procedurecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000053 |
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Definition |
Pressure applied (if necessary) in any of the synthesis step. Changes in the pressure may be observed if variations in the temperature of the reaction occur (e.g., exothermic reaction). |
Broader Concepts |
synthesis procedurecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000054 |
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Definition |
Heat treatment to reach the desired final photocatalyst. The parameters of the heat treatment can vary between each calcination step. |
Broader Concepts |
synthesis procedurecon |
Narrower Concepts |
gas flow rate in calcinationcon gaseous environment in calcinationcon calcination initial temperaturecon calcination final temperaturecon calcination dwelling timecon calcination heating ratecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000055 |
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Definition |
A gas flow under which the calcination step takes place (e,g,, Ar or synthetic air). |
Broader Concepts |
calcination stepcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000056 |
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Definition |
The flow of gas (usually in ml min-1) used in the calcination steps during synthesis. |
Broader Concepts |
calcination stepcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000057 |
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Definition |
Initial temperature of the calcination step. |
Broader Concepts |
calcination stepcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000058 |
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Definition |
Final temperature of the calcination step. |
Broader Concepts |
calcination stepcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000059 |
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Definition |
Rate of increasing or decreasing the temperature during the calcination step. Usually mentioned in K min-1. |
Broader Concepts |
calcination stepcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000060 |
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Definition |
Time (usually in h) for which a desired temperature is held. |
Broader Concepts |
calcination stepcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000061 |
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Definition |
Equipment used in each step of the synthesis of the photocatalysts. The equipment can include (but not limited to): crucibles, pH meters, condensers, volumetric cylinders, centrifuges, test tubes, flasks, beakers, mechanical shakers, pipettes, syringes, magenetic stirrers, heating plates, filters, funnels and digital balances. |
Broader Concepts |
synthesis procedurecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000062 |
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Definition |
Chemical substances used in the synthesis process of a desired photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
synthesis procedurecon |
Narrower Concepts |
volume chemical substance for synthesiscon mass of chemical substance for synthesiscon concentration chemical substance for synthesiscon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000063 |
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Definition |
Mass of chemicals used for synthesis. |
Broader Concepts |
chemical substance for synthesiscon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000064 |
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Definition |
Volume of chemicals used for synthesis. |
Broader Concepts |
chemical substance for synthesiscon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000065 |
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Definition |
Concentration of chemicals used for synthesis. |
Broader Concepts |
chemical substance for synthesiscon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000066 |
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Definition |
Techniques used to identify the (physico)chemical, morphological, structural, mechanical, optical and electrical properties of the syntesized catalysts. Characterization is performed after the synthesis of the catalysts to evaluate the success of the synthetic approach, but also after the completion of the evaluation of the materials in a reaction to ensure their stability under the selected experimental parameters. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalystcon |
Narrower Concepts |
photoluminescencecon electron energy loss spectroscopycon fourier transform infrared spectroscopycon Mott-Schottky analysiscon X-ray photoelectron spectroscopycon X-ray fluorescencecon thermogravimetric analysiscon X-ray diffractioncon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopycon Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysiscon scanning electron microscopycon ultraviolet-visible spectroscopycon Raman spectroscopycon cyclic voltammetrycon atomic force microscopycon transmission electron microscopycon differential scanning calorimetrycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000067 |
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Definition |
A non-destructive analytical technique which uses a high-energy X-ray source to expose a material and monitors the emitted characteristic fluorescent X-Rays. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000068 |
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Definition |
An analytical technique used to measure the energy loss of electrons passing through a sample. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000069 |
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Definition |
A spectroscopy technique studying the vibrational modes of molecules, by measuring the intensity and frequency of scattered by the sample of monochromatic light. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000070 |
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Definition |
A high-resolution imaging technique that measures the interaction between a sharp probe and the sample’s surface to create a three-dimensional image of the surface’s morphology. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000071 |
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Definition |
A thermal analysis technique which compares the heat flow in a sample and a reference material under controlled applied temperature profiles. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000072 |
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Definition |
A thermal analysis technique used to measure the change of a sample’s mass under the influence of controlled applied temperature profiles. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000073 |
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Definition |
A spectroscopic technique that uses a static magnetic field and radiofrequency radiation to measure the magnetic resonance of atomic nuclei protons or electrons. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000074 |
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Definition |
Light emission of lower energy photons from a sample upon its photoexcitation. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000075 |
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Definition |
An electron microscopy technique that produces high-resolution images under high magnification of a sample's surface by assessing the secondary and back-scattered electrons produced by a focused electron beam. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000076 |
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Definition |
A technique that analyzes the chemical composition of an X-ray irradiated sample by measuring the energies of the emitted electrons. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000077 |
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Definition |
A technique which analyses the diffraction pattern produced when X-rays are scattered by a sample bombarded by a focused electron beam. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000078 |
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Definition |
Transmission electron microscopy is a technique that produces high-resolution images if the internal structure of a sample by using a beam of electrons to bombard the thin sample and measuring the intensity of the scattered transmitted electrons. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000079 |
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Definition |
A technique used to measure the absorption, transmission or reflectance of light by a sample in the ultraviolet and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000080 |
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Definition |
A spectroscopic technique used to study the vibrational modes of chemical bonds of a sample using infrared radiation. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000081 |
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Definition |
The study of physical adsorption of gas molecules on a solid surface for the calculation of the specific surface area of materials. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000082 |
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Definition |
An electrochemical technique used to study the redox properties of a sample by measuring the current produced by an applied voltage sweep. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000083 |
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Definition |
A method used in cyclic voltammetry to determine the charge carrier concentration and the flat-band potential of an electrochemical system by measuring the capacitance as a function of applied voltage. |
Broader Concepts |
characterizationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000084 |
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Definition |
The energy state occupied by an electron in a photocatalyst. This state cab affect the electron's ability to participate in a photocatalytic reaction. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalysiscon |
Narrower Concepts |
excited statecon ground statecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000085 |
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Definition |
Τhe lowest energy state of a system. |
Broader Concepts |
electronic statecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000086 |
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Definition |
Τhe temporary state of a system with higher energy than its ground state caused by an external factor. |
Broader Concepts |
electronic statecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000087 |
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Definition |
A multi-step process iniatiated by the absorption of photons by a photocatalyst. This process involves various sub-processes that include the photogeneration and transfer of electron and hole pairs. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalysiscon |
Narrower Concepts |
charge separationcon photoinduced hole transfercon oxidationcon photoinduced electron transfercon photoexcitationcon desorptioncon reductioncon photoinduced charge generationcon adsorptioncon charge recombinationcon absorptioncon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000088 |
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Definition |
The transfer of an electron initiated by the absorption of a photon of sufficient energy. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic processcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000089 |
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Definition |
The transfer of a hole initiated by the absorption of a photon of sufficient energy. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic processcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000090 |
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Definition |
The generation of electron - hole pairs in a semiconductor as a result of light absorption of sufficient energy to overcome the bandgap energy. Electrons (negative charge) get excited to the conduction band, while holes (positive charge) remain in the valence band. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic processcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000091 |
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Definition |
The process by which photogenerated charges (electrons and holes) in a semiconductor recombine, resulting in the dissipation of energy in the form of e.g., heat or light. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic processcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000092 |
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Definition |
Absorption is the process in which energy (e.g., photons) or an absorbent (e.g., a gas) is taken up by an absorbate. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic processcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000093 |
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Definition |
The adhesion of a gas, liquid or dissolved solid chemical of interest onto a solid surface. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic processcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000094 |
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Definition |
The process under which reactants, intermediates and products are released from the surface of the photocatalyst. Desoprtion can be facilitated by an increase in temperature or a change in the pH. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic processcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000095 |
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Definition |
The process of separating positive and negative charges in a semiconductor, typically as a result of an external force, (e.g., photoexcitation). |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic processcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000096 |
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Definition |
The state caused by the transition of electrons from the valence band top to the conduction band bottom by absorption of photons of sufficient energy. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic processcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000097 |
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Definition |
The loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state of a species. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic processcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000098 |
---|---|
Definition |
The gain of electrons or a decrease in the oxidation state of a species. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic processcon |
Narrower Concepts |
photocatalytic CO2 reductioncon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000099 |
---|---|
Definition |
The light-driven reduction (conversion) of carbon dioxide (CO2) to hydrocarbons and / or platform chemicals in presence of water. The absorption of light and the adsorption of the reactants is performed by a photocatalyst (usually a metal oxide). |
Broader Concepts |
reductioncon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000100 |
---|---|
Definition |
A lab-scale experiment performed to test the efficiency of a studied photocatalyst in a photocatalytic application (e.g., dye degradation, CO2 photoreduction e.t.c.). |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalysiscon |
Narrower Concepts |
experiment pressurecon experiment pressure dropcon experiment temperaturecon blank experimentcon experiment durationcon operation modecon sample pre-treatmentcon evaluationcon reactantcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000101 |
---|---|
Definition |
A starting substance that undergoes a chemical reaction to produce a desired product. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic experimentcon |
Narrower Concepts |
reactant concentrationcon reactant puritycon sacrificial reagantcon reactant flow ratecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000102 |
---|---|
Definition |
Concentration of the reactants (e.g., CO2 and H2O) used in the photocatalytic CO2 reduction experiments. |
Broader Concepts |
reactantcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000103 |
---|---|
Definition |
Purity of reactants (e.g., CO2, H2O, He) used in the photocatalytic CO2 reduction experiments. Purity is measure of the impurities contained in the reactants' supply. The highest purity reactants should be used to ensure the collection of reliable results. |
Broader Concepts |
reactantcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000104 |
---|---|
Definition |
The rate of flow of reactants (often in ml per min) in the photoreactor. Flow rates are usually controlled by mass flow controllers (MFCs). |
Broader Concepts |
reactantcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000105 |
---|---|
Definition |
Electron donors or hole scavengers used to reduce the recombination tendency of electrons and holes. Sacrificial reagents are used in photocatalysis to study an oxidation or reduction reaction separately. |
Broader Concepts |
reactantcon |
Narrower Concepts |
sacrificial acceptorcon sacrificial donorcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000106 |
---|---|
Definition |
A molecule that accepts electrons from photoexcited species in a redox reaction and is subsequently consumed or degraded. |
Broader Concepts |
sacrificial reagantcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000107 |
---|---|
Definition |
A molecule that donates electrons from photoexcited species in a redox reaction and is subsequently consumed or degraded. |
Broader Concepts |
sacrificial reagantcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000108 |
---|---|
Definition |
Operation mode under the which the experiment takes place: batch of continuous flow mode. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic experimentcon |
Narrower Concepts |
flow modecon batch modecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000109 |
---|---|
Definition |
Under flow conditions, a continuous flow of reactants is supplied to the reaction chamber and the formed products are removed and identified by an appropriate technique. |
Broader Concepts |
operation modecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000110 |
---|---|
Definition |
Operation mode in which the reaction chamber is filled with the (reactant) gas(es) up to a certain pressure, and the photoreaction products acummulate over time. |
Broader Concepts |
operation modecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000111 |
---|---|
Definition |
The total duration of an experiment. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic experimentcon |
Narrower Concepts |
irradiation durationcon purging durationcon sampling intervalcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000112 |
---|---|
Definition |
Time for which a gas is purged through the reaction chamber. |
Broader Concepts |
experiment durationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000113 |
---|---|
Definition |
The time in between the collection of two data points. |
Broader Concepts |
experiment durationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000114 |
---|---|
Definition |
The total duration in which the photocatalyst was under irradiation by the selected light source. |
Broader Concepts |
experiment durationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000115 |
---|---|
Definition |
The temperature (range) under which the photocatalytic reaction takes place. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic experimentcon |
Narrower Concepts |
experiment initial temperaturecon experiment final temperaturecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000116 |
---|---|
Definition |
The temperature at the initiaton of the experiment. |
Broader Concepts |
experiment temperaturecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000117 |
---|---|
Definition |
The temperature at the end of the experiment. |
Broader Concepts |
experiment temperaturecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000118 |
---|---|
Definition |
The pressure (range) under which the photocatalytic reaction takes place. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic experimentcon |
Narrower Concepts |
experiment initial pressurecon experiment final pressurecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000119 |
---|---|
Definition |
The pressure at the initiaton of the experiment or before a sampling event. |
Broader Concepts |
experiment pressurecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000120 |
---|---|
Definition |
The pressure at the end of the experiment or after a sampling event. |
Broader Concepts |
experiment pressurecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000121 |
---|---|
Definition |
The pressure drop occurring when collecting a gaseous sample for the reaction chamber. This pressure drop should be taken into consideration when calculating the concentration of formed products. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic experimentcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000122 |
---|---|
Definition |
Pretreatment of the photocatalyst before its intoduction to the reaction chamber. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic experimentcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000123 |
---|---|
Definition |
Measurements performed to ensure that the studied photocatalytic reaction occurs because of the interaction of the photocatalyst with the reactants, and not from the environment or the photoreactor. Such blank experiment include experiments under dark conditions, experiments with light but without a photocatalyst and experiments under light in the presence of the photocatalyst but without the targeted reactants. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic experimentcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000124 |
---|---|
Definition |
Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the outcome of a photocatalytic reaction (e.g., product formation from the photoreduction of CO2). The evaluation can lead to changes in the synthesis of the photocatalyst and / or selecting different experimental parameters. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalytic experimentcon |
Narrower Concepts |
selectivitycon apparent quantum yieldcon product concentrationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000125 |
---|---|
Definition |
In photocatalytic processes where product formation is expected, selectivity describes the ability of a photocatalyst to produce only the desired product with minimal (or none) of byproducts. |
Broader Concepts |
evaluationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000126 |
---|---|
Definition |
A measure of the efficiency of a photocatalytic reaction. It is expressed as the number of consumed charge carriers divided by the number of incident photons. |
Broader Concepts |
evaluationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000127 |
---|---|
Definition |
The concentration (usually in ppm or mol) of the products formed during a reaction. |
Broader Concepts |
evaluationcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000128 |
---|---|
Definition |
Details describing the construction, physical dimensions, and operation of the photoreactor used to perform a photocatalytic reaction. |
Broader Concepts |
photocatalysiscon |
Narrower Concepts |
operation parameterscon gas feedcon reaction chambercon irradiation systemcon product identification methodcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000129 |
---|---|
Definition |
Spectroscopic or chromatographic methods used to qualitatively and quantitatively identify the products of the photoreaction. Such devices are usually attached to the photoreactor, or a sample is being trasfered to an identification method via another medium (e.g., gastight syringes). |
Broader Concepts |
photoreactor designcon |
Narrower Concepts |
liquid chromatographycon mass spectrometrycon gas chromatographycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000130 |
---|---|
Definition |
An analytical technique that separates and analyzes the components of a gas mixture by passing it though a stationary phase. |
Broader Concepts |
product identification methodcon |
Narrower Concepts |
gas chromatograph calibrationcon gas chromatograph sensitivitycon gas chromatograph detectorcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000131 |
---|---|
Definition |
Detectors of the gas chromatogragh used to identify the reaction products and intemediates. |
Broader Concepts |
gas chromatographycon |
Narrower Concepts |
flame ionization detectorcon dielectric-barrier discharge ionization detectorcon thermal conductivity detectorcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000132 |
---|---|
Definition |
A type of gas chromatography detector that detects and quantifies the concentration of organic compounds in a gas sample emerging from a column, by measuring the electrical current generated by ionized gas constituents in a hydrogen flame. |
Broader Concepts |
gas chromatograph detectorcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000133 |
---|---|
Definition |
A type of gas chromatography detector that measures the thermal conductivity of a gas sample and identifies its constituent molecules through changes in a filament’s temperature. |
Broader Concepts |
gas chromatograph detectorcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000134 |
---|---|
Definition |
Detector incorporating Ionization via a new dielectric barrier discharge He plasma. |
Broader Concepts |
gas chromatograph detectorcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000135 |
---|---|
Definition |
The minimum concentration of a product or intermediate that the gas chromatograph can identify. |
Broader Concepts |
gas chromatographycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000136 |
---|---|
Definition |
A process in which gaseous substances of known purity and concentration are introduced to the gas chromatograph and the respective area and retention time of the resulting peaks are identified. This process when concluded, allows for the calculation of concentrations of products and intermediates of the photoreaction. |
Broader Concepts |
gas chromatographycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000137 |
---|---|
Definition |
An analytical technique which determines the mass-to-charge ratio of ions in a sample to give information about the composition of the sample. |
Broader Concepts |
product identification methodcon |
Narrower Concepts |
mass spectrometer calibrationcon mass spectrometer detectorcon mass spectrometer sensitivitycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000138 |
---|---|
Definition |
Detectors of the mass spectrometer used to identify the reaction products and intemediates. |
Broader Concepts |
mass spectrometrycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000139 |
---|---|
Definition |
The minimum concentration of a product or intermediate that the mass spectrometer can identify. |
Broader Concepts |
mass spectrometrycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000140 |
---|---|
Definition |
A process in which gaseous substances of known purity and concentration are introduced to the mass spectrometer and the respective mass-to-charge ratios are identified. This process when concluded, allows for the calculation of concentrations of products and intermediates of the photoreaction. |
Broader Concepts |
mass spectrometrycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000141 |
---|---|
Definition |
A sepation technique that uses a liquid mobile phase to separate the components of a mixture based on their interactions with a stationary phase and a mobile phase. |
Broader Concepts |
product identification methodcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000142 |
---|---|
Definition |
The range of critical for the safe operation of the photoreactor parameters. |
Broader Concepts |
photoreactor designcon |
Narrower Concepts |
operation temperaturecon operation pressurecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000143 |
---|---|
Definition |
Maximum and minimum of operation pressure range within the reactor can operate safely. Higher operation temperatures can lead to higher pressure values. |
Broader Concepts |
operation parameterscon |
Narrower Concepts |
minimum operation pressurecon maximum operation pressurecon pressure controller and monitorcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000144 |
---|---|
Definition |
Maximum of operation pressure range within the reactor can operate safely. |
Broader Concepts |
operation pressurecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000145 |
---|---|
Definition |
Minimum of operation pressure range within the reactor can operate safely. |
Broader Concepts |
operation pressurecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000146 |
---|---|
Definition |
Equipment used for controlling and / or monitoring the pressure in various parts of a photoreactor. A vacuum pump is a typical example of such equipment. |
Broader Concepts |
operation pressurecon |
Narrower Concepts |
vacuum pumpcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000147 |
---|---|
Definition |
Α mechanical device that removes gas molecules from a sealed chamber reaching pressures lower than the atmospheric pressure. |
Broader Concepts |
pressure controller and monitorcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000148 |
---|---|
Definition |
Maximum and minimum of operation temperature range within the reactor can operate safely. |
Broader Concepts |
operation parameterscon |
Narrower Concepts |
maximum operation temperaturecon temperature controller and monitorcon minimum operation temperaturecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000149 |
---|---|
Definition |
Maximum of operation temperature range within the reactor can operate safely. |
Broader Concepts |
operation temperaturecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000150 |
---|---|
Definition |
Minimum of operation temperature range within the reactor can operate safely. |
Broader Concepts |
operation temperaturecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000151 |
---|---|
Definition |
Equipment used for controlling and/or monitoring the temperature in various parts of a photoreactor. This can include hot plates, heating elements and cryostats. Light sources in operation can also affect the temperature in the reaction chamber. |
Broader Concepts |
operation temperaturecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000152 |
---|---|
Definition |
A construction inside of which the photocatalyst and the reactants coexist and the photoreaction takes place. |
Broader Concepts |
photoreactor designcon |
Narrower Concepts |
optical windowcon reaction chamber shapecon reaction chamber volumecon reaction chamber materialcon reaction chamber dimensioncon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000153 |
---|---|
Definition |
Volume of the reaction chamber, calculated by its dimensions. Volume of pipes and valves connected to the reaction chamber should also be calculated and added to the total volume. |
Broader Concepts |
reaction chambercon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000154 |
---|---|
Definition |
Height, width and depth (in cubic- or rectangular- shaped reaction chambers) or diameter and height (in cylindrer - shaped reaction chambers). |
Broader Concepts |
reaction chambercon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000155 |
---|---|
Definition |
The shape of the reaction chamber. In gas-phase reactions, reaction chambers have usually a cylindrical, cubical or rectangular shape. |
Broader Concepts |
reaction chambercon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000156 |
---|---|
Definition |
Material used for the construction of the main body of the reaction chamber. |
Broader Concepts |
reaction chambercon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000157 |
---|---|
Definition |
A transparent material optimized to allow the transmission of electromagnetic radiation with low reflectance and scattering. |
Broader Concepts |
reaction chambercon |
Narrower Concepts |
optical window materialcon optical window dimensionscon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000158 |
---|---|
Definition |
Material that the window is made of. The window, usually attached to the lid sealing the reaction chamber, allows for the incoming light to enter the reaction chamber and interact with the photocatalyst. The material of the window influences the wavelenth range the the photocatalyst experieneces. |
Broader Concepts |
optical windowcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000159 |
---|---|
Definition |
The dimension of the optical window (diameter / thickness) allowing the incoming light to enter the reaction chamber and interact with the photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
optical windowcon |
Narrower Concepts |
optical window thicknesscon optical window diametercon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000160 |
---|---|
Definition |
Diameter of the optical window allowing the incoming light to enter the reaction chamber and interact with the photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
optical window dimensionscon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000161 |
---|---|
Definition |
Thickness of the optical window allowing the incoming light to enter the reaction chamber and interact with the photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
optical window dimensionscon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000162 |
---|---|
Definition |
Flow rates of gases used in an experiment. Gases can have either the role of a reactant (e.g., CO2) or be inert (e.g., Ar, He). |
Broader Concepts |
photoreactor designcon |
Narrower Concepts |
gas flow controller and monitorcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000163 |
---|---|
Definition |
Equipment used for controlling and / or monitoring the flow of gases (reactant or inert) needed for a photocatalytic experiment. Mass flow controllers (MFCs) are commonly used to control gas flows. |
Broader Concepts |
gas feedcon |
Narrower Concepts |
mass flow controllercon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000164 |
---|---|
Definition |
A mass flow controller (MFC) is a device used to measure and control the flow of liquids and gases. A mass flow controller is designed and calibrated to control a specific type of liquid or gas at a particular range of flow rates. |
Broader Concepts |
gas flow controller and monitorcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000165 |
---|---|
Definition |
The irradiation system includes all the necessary equipment needed to perform a photocatalytic experiment. The system apart from the light source can include, filters, power units, lamp cooling devices etc.. |
Broader Concepts |
photoreactor designcon |
Narrower Concepts |
light source propertycon light sourcecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000166 |
---|---|
Definition |
Light source used to irradiate a photocatalyst in a reaction chamber. These include sources with various intensities, powers and wavelength ranges, including Hg/Xe lamps, Xe lamps and LEDs. |
Broader Concepts |
irradiation systemcon |
Narrower Concepts |
light emitting diodecon mercury-xenon lampcon xenon lampcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000167 |
---|---|
Definition |
A lamp containing a mixture of mercury (Hg) and xenon (Xe) gases. Under electric current, the gas mixture gets ionized through a discharge electric charge creating a plasma generating UV and visible light. |
Broader Concepts |
light sourcecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000168 |
---|---|
Definition |
A lamp containing pure xenon (Xe) gas. Under electric current, the gas mixture gets ionized through a discharge electric charge creating a plasma generating UV and visible light. |
Broader Concepts |
light sourcecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000169 |
---|---|
Definition |
A solid-state semiconductor emitting light at highly controllable (narrow) wavelength ranges. |
Broader Concepts |
light sourcecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000170 |
---|---|
Definition |
Specific of roperties of the light source dictaning its operation and its adequacy in the studied photocatalytic reaction. |
Broader Concepts |
irradiation systemcon |
Narrower Concepts |
light wavelengthcon light source distancecon light intensitycon light power outputcon light operation voltagecon light operation currentcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000171 |
---|---|
Definition |
The distance of the light source from the reaction chamber and the photocatalyst. |
Broader Concepts |
light source propertycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000172 |
---|---|
Definition |
The value of current (usually in A or mA) used to operate the selected light source. |
Broader Concepts |
light source propertycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000173 |
---|---|
Definition |
The value of voltage (usually in V or mV) used to operate the selected light source. |
Broader Concepts |
light source propertycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000174 |
---|---|
Definition |
The power of the light source (usually in W or mW). The power can be calculated by the multiplication of the current and voltage used to operate the light source. |
Broader Concepts |
light source propertycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000175 |
---|---|
Definition |
The light intensity (usually in mW cm-2) of the selected light source. The light intensity should be measured at the same distance as the one between the light source and the reaction chamber / sample. |
Broader Concepts |
light source propertycon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000176 |
---|---|
Definition |
The distance between two successive peaks or troughs in a wave. |
Broader Concepts |
light source propertycon |
Narrower Concepts |
ultravioletcon infraredcon visiblecon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000177 |
---|---|
Definition |
Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths typically in the range of 800 nm - 20000 nm. |
Broader Concepts |
light wavelengthcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000178 |
---|---|
Definition |
Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths visible to the human eye, typically in the range of 400-800 nm. |
Broader Concepts |
light wavelengthcon |
URI | https://w3id.org/nfdi4cat/voc4cat_0000179 |
---|---|
Definition |
Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength typically in the range of 100-400 nanometers. |
Broader Concepts |
light wavelengthcon |
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