The PMD Core Ontology (PMDco) is a comprehensive framework for representing knowledge that encompasses fundamental concepts from the domains of materials science and engineering (MSE). The PMDco has been designed as a mid-level ontology to establish a connection between specific MSE application ontologies and the domain neutral concepts found in established top-level ontologies. The primary goal of the PMDco is to promote interoperability between diverse domains. PMDco's class structure is both understandable and extensible, making it an efficient tool for organizing MSE knowledge. It serves as a semantic intermediate layer that unifies MSE knowledge representations, enabling data and metadata to be systematically integrated on key terms within the MSE domain. With PMDco, it is possible to seamlessly trace data generation. The design of PMDco is based on the W3C Provenance Ontology (PROV-O), which provides a standard framework for capturing the generation, derivation, and attribution of resources. By building on this foundation, PMDco facilitates the integration of data from various sources and the creation of complex workflows. In summary, PMDco is a valuable tool for researchers and practitioners in the MSE domains. It provides a common language for representing and sharing knowledge, allowing for efficient collaboration and promoting interoperability between diverse domains. Its design allows for the systematic integration of data and metadata, enabling seamless traceability of data generation. Overall, PMDco is a crucial step towards a unified and comprehensive understanding of the MSE domain. PMDco at GitHub: https://github.com/materialdigital/core-ontology
This ontology has the following classes and properties.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/2DPixelCoordinates
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/AccreditationDocument
This entity describes a document used to state that an official authorization or approval to recognize or vouch for a conformation with a standard was granted to an organization, person, or entity. This may include, e.g., processes, (sets of) equipment, or entire laboratories.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Acoustical
Acoustical is relating to the sense or organs of hearing, to sound, or to the science of sounds. Here specifically on the acoustic properties of a material.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Address
A place where a person or organization may be communicated with.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/AgingInterval
Timespan a Temperature during an Aging Process is hold.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/AgingProcess
A process that applies a method that causes a constituent to precipitate from solid solution.
The Process of austenitizing and quenching a steel alloy to achieve a martensitic microstructure for hardness increase.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/AgingTemperature
Variable Temperature during an Aging Process depending on the desired deposition formations.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/AgingTime
The timespan that an Aging Process executes to completion.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Algorithm
A procedure for solving a mathematical problem (as of finding the greatest common divisor) in a finite number of steps that frequently involves repetition of an operation.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/AmorphousStructure
Amorphous materials have an internal structure consisting of interconnected structural blocks that can be similar to the basic structural units found in the corresponding crystalline phase of the same compound. Unlike in crystalline materials, however, no long-range order exists. Amorphous materials therefore cannot be defined by a finite unit cell.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/AnalysingProcess
A process that is driven by the primary intent to gain new measurements.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Area
The extent or measurement of a surface.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/AssemblingProcess
A process to mount or demount a component.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/BaseFraction
The assumed base material of the objects or the remainder of the composition, e.g. for nickel-based alloy, iron-based alloy.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/BaseMaterial
This entity is used to describe the material that was taken as granted as such and used in the beginning of a process chain under consideration.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Biological
Biological is relating to biology or to life and living processes. Here specifically to the biological properties of a material.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Blank
A piece of material prepared to be made into something by a further operation.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/BondingType
Any of several forces, especially the ionic bond, covalent bond, and metallic bond, by which atoms or ions are bound in a molecule or crystal.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/CalibrationDocument
This entity describes a document used to state that a set of graduations to indicate values or positions has been performed. Typically, the calibration operator is included.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/CalibrationRange
This property describes the region between the limits within which a quantity is measured, received or transmitted (typically by a process node, e.g. a machine), expressed by stating the lower and upper range values.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Caliper
any of various measuring instruments having two usually adjustable arms, legs, or jaws used especially to measure the dimensions of objects, such as diameters or thicknesses
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Chemical
Chemical is relating to, used in, or produced by chemistry or the phenomena of chemistry Here specifically to the chemical properties of a material.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ChemicalComposition
Chemical composition refers to the arrangement, type, and ratio of atoms in molecules of chemical substances. Chemical composition varies when chemicals are added or subtracted from a substance, when the ratio of substances changes, or when other chemical changes occur in chemicals.
ex:proc1 a pmd:Process . ex:proc1 pmd:chacteristic ex:vo1 . ex:vo1 a ValueObject . ex:vo1 pmd:resource ex:chemComp1 . ex:chemComp1 a pmd:ChemicalComposition . ex:vo2 dcterm:partOf ex:chemComp1 . ex:vo2 a pmd:ChemicalElement . ex:vo2 pmd:relatesToElement CHEBI:28984 . ex:vo2 pmd:relatesTo ex:vo3 . pmd:MassFraction rdf:subClassOf ValueObject . ex:vo3 a pmd:MassFraction . ex:vo3 qudt:upperBound "0.3" . ex:vo3 qudt:lowerBound "0" . ex:vo3 qudt:unit qudt:PERCENT . ex:vo4 a pmd:MassFraction . ex:vo4 pmd:resource pmd:NotDetected .
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ChemicalObject
Value object that describes the quantity (e.g. mass fraction) of a specific chemical object.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Circular
Having the form of a circle.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ClampingPressure
This property describes the force per area (pressure) that is used during the mounting process of a sample, specimen, or test piece as a quantitative value. Typically, this process involves some sort of grips or the like.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ClassificationDocument
This entity describes a document used to define the working or application range of a process node in accordance with standardized graduations.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/CoatingDesignation
This property is a name or identifier of a material type which designates the most upper part of a component (coating).
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/CollectionInterfaceHint
A label in support of identifying a network interface and/or address used by a process node to provide primary data stored in ontologies
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/CommissionTime
Date and time an order or plan has been dispatched at.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Component
An object that serves a specific technical application. Constituent part of a compound of parts that builds a technical application.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ComputingNode
A computing system that provides an execution environment for, e.g., simulation processes or prediction models. A Computing Node can be virtual (e.g., a container or virtual machine) or physical (e.g., a bare-metal servers), uses digital represenations of objects as inputs and produces digital measurements, such as simulation results or predictions, as outputs.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ConditioningProcess
A process that comprises the procedure and measures by which a material object is adapted to predefined environmental conditions.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Coordinates
Any of a set of numbers used in specifying the location of a point on a line, on a surface, or in space.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/CovalentBond
Covalent bond is a chemical bond formed between atoms by the sharing of electrons.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/CreepStress
Is the strain occuring with time, when a constant force is applied to a physical body.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/CrossSectionArea
This property describes the area of a cutting or piece of an object cut off or broken at right angles or related to an axis.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/CrossSectionDetermination
Cross section is a cutting or piece of something cut off at right angles to an axis also : a representation of such a cutting.
Using the density of the test piece.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/CrystallineStructure
In crystallography, crystal structure is a description of the ordered arrangement of atoms, ions or molecules in a crystalline material. Ordered structures occur from the intrinsic nature of the constituent particles to form symmetric patterns that repeat along the principal directions of three-dimensional space in matter.
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000078
The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/DataAcquisitionRate
This property denotes the number of measurements / queries per time period for a considered measurement of a measurement parameter (sampling / query rate during data acquisition).
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/DataScope
This class is used to categorize data with respect to their intended usage in accordance with a regarded object or process.
IRI: http://purl.org/spar/datacite/Identifier
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/DataCiteMetadata
This value object refers to metadata which can be provided as DataCite element.
For example, to refer to a ISBN number, following triples might be created: :p1 a pmd:Process . :p1 pmd:characteristic :doc_vo1 . :doc_vo1 a pmd:Document . :doc_vo1 pmd:characteristic :isbn_vo1 . :doc_vo1 pmd:resource "http://example.org/book.pdf" . :isbn_vo1 a pmd:DataCiteMetadata . :isbn_vo1 pmd:relatesTo <http://purl.org/spar/datacite/isbn> . :isbn_vo1 pmd:value "9780262012423". "a document related to process :p1 has a ISBN number 9780262012423"
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Dataset
A collection of data published in one or more files. Usually instances of this class are also instances of DCAT dataset (see https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat-2/).
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Date
A statement of the day of execution or making. Based on an the gregorian calender system.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/DemountingProcess
An assembling process in which a test piece or specimen is removed from a test machine.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Department
A sub section of an organization.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/DepartmentRole
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Description
Ein beschreibender Text, der die Natur / Beschaffenheit / Informationen zu einer Entität qualifiziert (z.B. Aktivitäten, Entitäten, Objekten, ...).
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Diameter
The length of a straight line through the center of an object or space.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/DigitalEntity
An entity with digital representation.
IRI: http://w3id.org/DMI/DigitalMaterialIdentifier
A dmi:DigitalMaterialIdentifier is a resource identifier (IRI) that represents the specification of a material (in the sense of a material class) described in a specification document. The specification document can be, e.g., a standard, a datasheet, or any other citable document. Typically, a specification document requires some qualities that a material (in the sense of a portion of matter) has to comply with. Typical requirements include chemical compositions or physical properties.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/DigitalMaterialIdentifier
The DigitalMaterialIdentifier value object refers to a dmi:DigitalMaterialIdentifier.
A dmi:DigitalMaterialIdentifier is a resource identifier (IRI) that represents the specification of a material (in the sense of a material class) described in a specification document. The specification document can be, e.g., a standard, a datasheet, or any other citable document. Typically, a specification document requires some qualities that a material (in the sense of a portion of matter) has to comply with. Typical requirements include chemical compositions or physical properties.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/DimensionMeasuringDevice
This entity generically describes any tool that is used for the measurement of the dimensions of a tangible object, e.g., a caliper.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Distance
Spatial remoteness.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Document
An original or official paper relied on as the basis, proof, or support of something
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Duration
A period of time with its own timescale and an epoch anchored in another timescale. A duration can be expressed via a single value as it represents the time difference between two points in time, e.g. the difference between EndTime and StartTime or the difference between the current, momentary time and the StartTime.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Electrical
Electrical is relating to electricity or something that is powered by electricity. Here specifically to the electrical properties of a material.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ElectronMicroscope
An electron-optical instrument in which a beam of electrons is used to produce an enlarged image of a minute object.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ElectronMicroscopy
A microscopy process using an electron-optical instrument in which a beam of accelerated electrons as a source of illumination is applied to produce a magnified image of a tiny object.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Elliptical
Shaped like an ellipse.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/EndTime
The date and time when the plan/recipe is supposed to have been finished
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/EngineeredMaterial
A material that is synthesized within a manufacturing process.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/EnvironmentalTemperature
This property describes the observed temperature surrounding a tangible object considered. This may include room temperature and temperatures measured in test chambers.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ErrorReportDocument
This entity describes a document used to provide information on errors that occurred during the application of a process node, such as, e.g., an overshooting exceeding the working range of a measurement device.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Extension
Dimensional analysis: L Unit (e.g. SI): mm
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Extensometer
An instrument for measuring minute deformations of test specimens caused by tension, compression, bending, or twisting.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/FeretDiameter
The Feret diameter or Feret's diameter is a measure of an object size along a specified direction. In general, it can be defined as the distance between the two parallel planes restricting the object perpendicular to that direction. (cf. Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feret_diameter)
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Filter
A filter is a computer program or subroutine to process a stream, producing another stream. While a single filter can be used individually, they are frequently strung together to form a pipeline.
Smoothing algorithm
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Force
Strength or energy exerted or brought to bear : cause of motion or change : active power.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Fraction
IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#FragmentSelector
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Furnace
An enclosed structure in which heat is produced (as for heating a house or for reducing ore).
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/FurnaceCharacteristic
Properties that describe the functions and capabilities of a heat treatment process node.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/GeometryChangingProcess
A process that is modifing the geometry of an object.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Grips
This entity describes a part by which something, usually a tangible object, is grasped. Typically, grips are part of a mounting system (processing node) referring to a testing system.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/GripsAlignment
An assembly process in which the grips used to grasp a tangible object, such as a sample, specimen or test piece, are arranged in a line. This process is usually part of the assembly process during testing, if applicable.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/HeatCapacity
Heat capacity or thermal capacity is a physical property of matter, defined as the amount of heat to be supplied to an object to produce a unit change in its temperature.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/HeatTreatmentProcess
A heat treatment is a conditioning process at (with) a defined temperature (change) and holding in order to achieve a change in the microstructure, residual stresses, defect distribution or local chemical composition of a material.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/HydrogenBond
Hydrogen bond is an electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen atom in one polar molecule (as of water) and a small electronegative atom (as of oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine) in usually another molecule of the same or a different polar substance.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Identifier
A named value intended to distinguish between entities.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Image
A visual representation of something
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Index
Some running number.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Initiator
The person that commisioned the process.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/InitiatorRole
A role indicating that its bearer has inititated a process.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/InsertSurface
This entity describes the state and quality of the exterior of the insert of a processing node, e.g., the inserts used in grips.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/InspectionDocument
This entity describes a document used to give information on the examination of a tangible object, usually including an examination date, a typical examination interval and the state of the examined object. Typically, this is used for processing nodes.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/IonicBond
Ionic bond is a chemical bond formed between oppositely charged species because of their mutual electrostatic attraction.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Laboratory
A place equipped for experimental study in a science or for testing and analysis.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/LaboratoryRole
A role indicating that an organization participates in a process as laboratory.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Length
A measured distance or dimension of an object, usually the longer or longest dimension of the object.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/LengthChangingProcess
This class is used as an example of SWRL based reasoning. An instance belongs to the class if there are two embracing processes (previous and next) that determine different values after a length measurement (see SWRL rule).
A geometry changing process which changes the length characteristic of an object.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/LoadCell
A load cell converts a force such as tension, compression, pressure, or torque into an electrical signal that can be measured and standardized. It is a force transducer. As the force applied to the load cell increases, the electrical signal changes proportionally. The most common types of load cell are pneumatic, hydraulic, and strain gauges.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/LoadCellCapacity
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Location
A position or site occupied or available for occupancy or marked by some distinguishing feature.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Magnetic
Magnetic is relating relating to a magnet or to magnetism. Here specifically to the magnetic properties of a material.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MinorAxisDiameter
The longest diameter of an ellipse.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ManufacturingProcess
A process that is driven by the primary intent to transform objects.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Manufacturer
Processing Node's manufacturer name, e.g.: "Ipsen", "UPC" or "Bosch"
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ManufacturerRole
A role indicating that its bearer is a manufacturer. The role is realized in a manufacturing process.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ManufacturingNode
A processing node that implements transformative processes as well as consumes and creates tangible objects and typically requires inputs In general but not necessarily, a manufacture node includes intrinsic analysis nodes that create corresponding measurements with respect to the process implemented by the manufacture node.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MassFraction
This value object describes one of several portions of the property of a body that is a measure of the amount of material it contains and causes it to have weight in a gravitational field.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MaterialDesignation
It is a name or identifier of a material type. It designates a material. E.g. "steel", "aluminium", "wood", "plastic", "rubber".
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MaterialProperty
A materials property is an intensive property of a material, i.e., a physical property that does not depend on the amount of the material. These quantitative properties may be used as a metric by which the benefits of one material versus another can be compared, thereby aiding in materials selection.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MaterialQuality
i.e. Materialgüte
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MaterialRelated
This property is used to qualitatively and quantitatively describe a material by providing information on a material, e.g., by including material properties, material structure, etc.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MaterialStructure
The relevant structure of materials has a different length scale depending on the material. The structure and composition of a material can be determined by microscopy or spectroscopy.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Measurement
The ValueScope category Measurement enables the categorization of ValueObjects as measured. Measurement is the quantification of attributes of an object or event, which can be used to compare with other objects or events.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MeasuringDevice
A processing node capable of determining a specific quality.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MeasuringProcess
A measurement process is an analysis process that acquires data (usually expressed in numbers) by using tools.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Mechanical
Mechanical is relating to, governed by, or in accordance with the principles of mechanics. Here specifically to the mechanical properties of a material.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MechanicalTestingProcess
A mechanical testing process ia process that determines mechanical properties.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MediaMovement
Displacement of media surrounding objects inside the system boundaries of a processing node.
Circulation of a gaseous media within the systems boundaries.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Medium
Substance that surrounds an object inside the system boundaries of a processing node.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Metadata
This data scope expresses that a :ValueObject refers to attributes and additional data (provenance) on production, laboratory, process system and objects that enable an evaluation of the quality/reliability of the measurements and a systematic search task in a database.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MetallicBond
Metallic bond is the chemical bond typical of the metallic state and characterized by mobile valence electrons that hold the atoms together usually in crystal lattices and are responsible for the good electrical and heat conductivity of metals.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Method
A way, technique, or process of or for doing something
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MicrometerGauge
This entity describes a tool for making precise measurements having a spindle moved by a finely threaded screw.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Micropscope
An optical instrument consisting of a lens or combination of lenses for making enlarged images of minute objects.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MicroscopyProcess
An analysing process in which an investigation is made with a microscope.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MajorAxisDiameter
The shortest diameter of an ellipse.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ModulusOfElasticity
quotient of change of stress ΔR and change of percentage extension Δe in the range of evaluation, multiplied by 100 %
Note: It is recommended to report the value in GPa rounded to the nearest 0.1 GPa and according to ISO 80000-1.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/MountingProcess
An assembly process in which a test piece or specimen is installed or otherwise integrated into a testing machine. This may also include the use of other processing nodes and components (e.g. grips).
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/NodeInfo
Descriptive values to specify a processing node.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/NodeModel
Processing Node short description, e.g. "Vacuum Furnace"
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/NodeName
A human-generated identifier associated with a discernible, tangible or simulated entity intended to be unique in a given scope
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/NodeSerialNumber
A unique identifier of a processing node, typically provided by the manufacturer (manufacturer serial number, s/n).
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/NodeSeries
Processing Node typename, e.g. "ProTherm500"
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/NodeVersion
Processing Node Version Number, e.g. "2.24"
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/NonTransformativeAnalysisProcess
An analysis process that is non-transformative.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Norm
An authoritative standard.
Technical standard issued by the German Institute for Standardisation Registered Association (Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V. - DIN)
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/NotDetected
Indicates that an chemical element has not been detected in a corresponding experiment.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Note
Additional information & knowledge for and by humans. Not expected to be parsable
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Object
A discernable, tangible or simulated entity that is processed in a process by a processing node.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Operator
A person that operates a machine or device.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/OperatorRole
A role indicating that its bearer participates a process as operator.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Optical
Optical is relating to the science of optics. Here specifically to the optical properties of a material.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/OpticalMicroscopy
A microscopy process in which light rays are seen directly by the observer as distinguished from one (as an electron microscope) in which some transformation or system of indirect viewing is use.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ParticleNumber
The particle number enables the explicit assignment of measured properties to a specific particle.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/PercentageExtension
extension expressed as a percentage of the extensometer gauge length
Note: The percentage extension is commonly called engineering strain.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Perimeter
The perimeter of a two-dimensional shape is defined as the path or boundary that encloses the shape.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Pixel
Any of the small discrete elements that together constitute an image.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/PixelDensity
The pixel density of an electronic image device.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Precision
The degree of refinement with which an operation is performed or a measurement stated.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/PrimaryData
This data scope expresses that a ValueObject refers to data that is directly acquired during a process by sensors (time, force, length, temperature)
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Process
A process is an activity including a series of actions or operations conducing to an end. In PMD, a process is conducted via processing nodes and has a discernable duration as part of a workflow. A process consumes objects and parameters. A process potentially generates new objects and measurements.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ProcessDescription
A descriptive text qualifying the nature of a process instance used as an identifier that is not strictly intended to be unique, e.g. "1050°C30 840°C10/ÖL".
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ProcessDuration
A length of an interval of time in which a process is conducted.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ProcessIdentifier
A colloquial, human-generated, descriptive text qualifying the nature of a process instance used as an identifier that is not strictly intended to be unique, e.g. “1050°C30 840°C10/ÖL”.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ProcessingNode
Processing nodes are tools, equipment and accessories as well as software that are relevant for the performance of processes, such as e.g. mechanical and chemical test as well as simulation, prediction, and machine learning. Accordingly, processing nodes may be machines, parts of machines, and software applications.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Project
A series of goal-orientated (intent) activities and interactions to achieve a specific outcome.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ProjectIdentifier
A colloquial, human-generated, descriptive text qualifying the nature of a project.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ProvidedIdentifier
A colloquial, human-generated descriptor.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/QualifyingNodeAnnotation
Description for Processing Node's utility, e.g. "Rear Vacuum Furnace Oil Quenching"
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Radiological
Radiological is relating to radiology. Here specifically to the radiological properties of a material.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Radius
A line segment extending from the center of a circle or sphere to the circumference or bounding surface.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Rectangular
Shaped like a rectangle.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/RegionOfInterest
Some region of interest (ROI) in an image. Describe the ROI by use of Web Annotation Vocabulary (https://www.w3.org/TR/annotation-vocab/). The ROI is understood as the target of a (body-less) annotation.
The web annotation model suggests the use of different fragment specifications (https://www.w3.org/TR/annotation-model/#fragment-selector), however we suggest to prefer media fragments (https://www.w3.org/TR/media-frags/).
:image1 a pmd:Image :roi1 a pmd:RegionOfInterest . :roi1 oa:hasSource :image1 ; oa:hasSelector [ a oa:FragmentSelector ; dcterms:conformsTo <http://www.w3.org/TR/media-frags/> ; rdf:value "xywh=160,120,320,240" ] ] .
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Regression
A functional relationship between two or more correlated variables that is often empirically determined from data and is used especially to predict values of one variable when given values of the others. Specifically : a function that yields the mean value of a random variable under the condition that one or more independent variables have specified values.
Regression of y on x is linear
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/RelatedProjectIdentifier
This property describes a named value intended to distinguish between projects that are related to the project considered. For instance, two related projects could be a measurement project that is part of project with a broader scope.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/RetortType
Geometry and and orientation of the inner system boundaries of the heat treatment processing node.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Roughness
Surface roughness, often shortened to roughness, is a component of surface finish (surface texture). It is quantified by the deviations in the direction of the normal vector of a real surface from its ideal form. If these deviations are large, the surface is rough; if they are small, the surface is smooth.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Sample
Portion of material, usually selected from a larger quantity of material, collected and taken away for testing
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/SecondaryData
This data scope expresses that a ValueObject refers to characteristic values (e.g. test results) determined by equations or algorithms using primary data and/or metadata.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/SemiCrystallineStructure
Solid materials exhibiting a semi-crystalline structure contain both crystalline and amorphous sections (domains). Crystalline substances that are polycrystals rather than single crystals are not designated as semicrystalline, even if there is a thin amorphous film between the crystallites.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/SequenceNumber
Strict monotonically increasing integer that indicates the position in an ordered list.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/SetPoint
The ValueScope Setpoint generally refers to the desired value of a quantitative characteristic of a system, from which the actual value should deviate as little as possible.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Shape
The visible makeup characteristic (spatial form or contour) of a particular item or kind of item.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/SimulationNode
A simulation node is a processing node that represents a computational unit or processing element consuming and creating simulation objects and parameters. It performs specific tasks, calculations, or processes related to the simulation, and may be contributing to an overall simulation model. Simulation nodes are integral components in simulating dynamic processes, and they may interact with other nodes to collectively model complex systems or scenarios.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/SimulationProcess
A process that is used for a simulation.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Slide
A moving piece that is guided by a part along its path, providing the mount for objects.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Specimen
An object designed for a specific analysis.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/SpecimenName
Diese Eigenschaft beschreibt die Bezeichnung eines Prüfstücks, die in der Regel von Menschen als von Menschen lesbarer Identifikator vergeben wird.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Squared
Having four equal sides and four right angles.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/StartTime
The date and time when a plan/recipe or process is executed.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Stiffness
Stiffness is the extent to which an object resists deformation in response to an applied force.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Stress
At any moment during the test, force divided by the original cross-sectional area, S_o, of the test piece
Note: Here, all references to stress are to engineering stress.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Temperature
The degree of hotness or coldness measured on a definite scale.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/TemperatureChangeDevice
This entity generically describes any tool that is used for the alteration and adjustment of the temperature of a tangible object or the environment, e.g., a furnace and cooling media.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/TemperatureChangingProcess
A conditioning process which is run to increase or decrease the temperature of an object or a space. Usually, this involves heating or cooling devices such as furnaces or cooling media.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/TemperatureMeasuringDevice
This entity generically describes any tool that is used for the measurement of the temperature of a tangible object or the environment, e.g., a thermocouple and thermometers.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/TestPiece
Part of a sample with specified dimensions, machined or un-machined, brought to a required condition for submission to a given test.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/TestPieceClassification
This property is used to provide information on a test piece concerning its graduation in accordance with corresponding standards.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/TestPieceInfo
This property is used to provide information on a test piece such as its geometric shape, classification, and other parameters, including specifications and nominal values. The information is provided with respect to corresponding standards.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/TestPieceName
This property describes the designation of a test piece, usually given as human-readable identifier by humans.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/TestingMachine
This entity describes a processing node that is used to perform a defined test. A testing machine may be technically complex and contain several parts.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/TestingRate
rate (resp. rates) used during the test
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Thermal
Thermal is relating to, or caused by heat. Here specifically to the thermal properties of a material.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ThermalInsulation
Thermal insulation is the reduction of heat transfer (i.e., the transfer of thermal energy between objects of differing temperature) between objects in thermal contact or in range of radiative influence. Thermal insulation can be achieved with specially engineered methods or processes, as well as with suitable object shapes and materials.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Thermocouple
A device for measuring temperature in which a pair of wires of dissimilar metals (such as copper and iron) are joined and the free ends of the wires are connected to an instrument (such as a voltmeter) that measures the difference in potential created at the junction of the two metals.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Thickness
This entity describes the measured dimension in one direction of a test piece.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Time
A nonspatial continuum that is measured in terms of events which succeed one another from past through present to future.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/TransformativeAnalysisProcess
An analysis process that is transformative.
IRI: http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/Unit
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ValueObject
A :ValueObject is an entity which represents a specific value. This value can be a numerical, textual, or a more complex data structure. If a literal value is to be specified, the :value datatype property has to be used. In cases where the value is represented by a resource (e.g. URI), the :resource object property has to be used.
A value object, respectively its value, is always associated with an entity of type :Process, :ProcessingNode, :Object (e.g. :Specimen), :DigitalEntity, :Project, or other :ValueObject. The value is meant to be a charactaristic of the associated entity. To express this association it is indended to use the :characteristic object property if the value decribes some \"quality\", or the :participant (:input,:output) if it is participating a process.
A value object might also refer to a unit. The :unit property might be used (e.g. with QUDT ontology).
Instances of a value object might also be a type of :ValueScope, namely a :SetPoint (nominal value), or :Measurement (measured value). With :Setpoint the intend is to express, that the value is meant to be some preset, setting or nominal value. :Measurement expresses, that the value has been measured or determined somehow (see example).
Instances of a value object might also be specified in a specific :DataScope (:Metadata, :PrimaryData, :SecondaryData).
- the length of a specimen - the model number of a machine - a person involved in a process - a force on an object
:Length rdfs:subClass :ValueObject . ex:vo1 a :Length . ex:vo1 a :Measurement . ex:vo1 a :PrimaryData . ex:vo1 :unit qudt:MilliM . ex:vo1 :value "123.45" ex:p1 a :LengthMeasuringProcess . ex:p1 :characteristic ex:vo1 .
The length of a specimen, which has been measured as primary data. Its actual value is 123.45 millimeters.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/ValueScope
An entity that makes it possible to add categorization to "ValueObjects".
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/VanderwaalsBond
Van der Waals bond is given by the relatively weak attractive forces that act on neutral atoms and molecules and that arise because of the electric polarization induced in each of the particles by the presence of other particles.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/VolumeFraction
This value object describes one of several portions of the property of a body that is a measure of the amount of material it contains and causes it to have volume.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Voxel
An element representing a value on a grid in three dimensional space. In PMD, an infinitesimal part of an object which is made of a homogenuous material. Size depends on the observed material level. For now, geometrically, a cubus is assumed. Different Voxels can have different material properties and material structure A (partial) logical object that describes (a part of) a physical object
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Weight
The force with which a body is attracted toward the earth or a celestial body by gravitation and which is equal to the product of the mass and the local gravitational acceleration.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/WeightedXCoordinate
Mass center of grey values in one direction
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/WeightedYCoordinate
Mass center of grey values in the other direction
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/Width
This entity describes a horizontal measurement of an object taken at right angles to the length of the object.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/WorkingRange
This property describes the region between the limits within which a processing node (e.g., a machine) is capable of being used for its intended purpose, expressed by stating the lower and upper range values of interest.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/XCoordinate
X-coordinate is a coordinate whose value is determined by measuring parallel to an x-axis.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/YCoordinate
Y-coordinate is a coordinate whose value is determined by measuring parallel to a y-axis.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/belongsToProject
Association between a process and a project.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/characteristic
The object property characteristic, in conjunction with ProcessingNode, Process and Object, is used to establish a connection with ValueObjects. This property enables the representation of relationships between ProcessingNodes, Processes and Objects and the associated values or attributes (metadata) that are stored in ValueObjects.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/characteristicOf
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/component
The object property component, which is used in connection with ProcessingNode and its (modular) elements. It enables the representation of the individual, different parts of processing nodes. Essentially, the 'component property' is a way of breaking down a complex system into manageable and distinct parts in order to understand and manage the role of each part within the overall system.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/composedOf
This property is used to describe the fact that and which objects are composed of other objects, i.e. it is used to describe the specific constituents or ingredients that form a particular entity or object. As a prepositional phrase, it indicates the elements, parts, or components that make up a whole.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/composes
This property is used to describe the fact that and which objects compose other objects, i.e. it is used to describe the specific constituents or ingredients forming a particular entity or object. As a prepositional phrase, it indicates the elements, parts, or components that make up a whole of another object.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/executedBy
This property represents which process is executed by which process node.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/executes
This property represents which ProcessingNode executes a Process.
IRI: http://purl.org/spar/datacite/hasIdentifier
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000087
IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasSelector
IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasSource
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/input
This property is used to link the processes to their input objects.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/inputOf
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/isPartOf
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/isResourceOf
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/nextProcess
This property is used to indicate the process that was run after the current process.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/output
This property is used to link the processes to their output objects
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/outputOf
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/participant
A relation between a process and an object, in which the objects is somehow involved in the process.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/participantOf
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/previousProcess
This property is used to indicate that which process was previously run.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/process
Describes that a process is associated with a project.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/relatesTo
Describes a general relationship between domain objects.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/relatesToElement
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/resource
has characteristics: functional
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/state
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/subordinateProcess
This property is used to link a process to its subordinate processes.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/superordinateProcess
This property is used to link a process to its super ordinated processes.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/unit
Examples for rdsf:range are units from qudt or wikidata or own defindes units.
Unit of measurement.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/fragmentPath
A path expression that addresses a specific element in a document.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/fromValue
refers to the begin of a value range
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/jsonPath
A path expression that allows the elements of a JSON document to be specifically addressed.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/maxValue
refers to all values equal or smaller than the given one
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/minValue
refers to all values equal or larger than the given one
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/toValue
refers to the end of a value range
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/value
Provides the actual value a value object is referring to.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/xPath
A non-XML-based path expression that allows the elements of an XML document to be specifically addressed.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/abbreviation
IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#altLabel
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/bibliographicCitation
IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#constraints
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/created
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000115
The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.
IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#definition
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000119
Formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/definitionSource
Indicates the source of the definition.
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000116
An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology.
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000111
The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English)
IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#editorialNote
IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#example
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000114
IRI: http://swrl.stanford.edu/ontologies/3.3/swrla.owl#isRuleEnabled
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/license
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/license
IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/symbol
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000117
Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title
IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/title
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000002
IRI: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/KiloN
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000120
Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete.
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000123
Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors.
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000121
Term created to ease viewing/sort terms for development purpose, and will not be included in a release
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000125
All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor.
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/PixelPerNanometerUnit
Unit of counted pixels per nanometer. (It is not an official unit.)
IRI: https://w3id.org/pmd/co/PixelUnit
In digital imaging, a pixel (abbreviated px), pel, or picture element is the smallest addressable element in a raster image, or the smallest point in an all points addressable display device. In most digital display devices, pixels are the smallest element that can be manipulated through software. Here it is referred to as a unit of counted pixels. (It is not an officially recognized unit).
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000122
Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release."
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000428
A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues.
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000423
Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology.
IRI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000124
Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term.
The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.
A pixel can be identified by a pair of integers indicating the column and row number, here the 2D pixel coordinates. For example, a pixel with coordinates (1,2) would be in column number 1 and row number 2. Typically, columns are numbered starting with zero from left to right.